---
type: "AIHallucinationFinding"
title: "A market briefing on the global fast payment system landscape needs CPMI data on how many domestic…"
citation_id: "RLB-H-INT-BIS-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-Q010-Opus47"
finding_uid: "INT-BIS-CPMI-INT-001-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-v1-010--opus-47-websearch"
question_uid: "INT-BIS-CPMI-INT-001-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-v1-010"
regulation_id: "INT-BIS-CPMI-INT-001-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024"
regulation_slug: "CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024"
regulation_title: "Promoting the Harmonisation of Application Programming Interfaces to Enhance Cross-Border Payments: Recommendations and Toolkit"
regulator_short_code: "BIS-CPMI"
regulatory_body_id: "BIS-CPMI-INT-001"
jurisdiction_code: "INT"
j_level: "J1"
ai_subject: "claude-opus-4-7"
ai_subject_display: "Claude Opus 4.7 (web search on)"
ai_subject_version: "opus-47-websearch"
response_failure_mode: "inference_drift"
substrate_document_name: "p_10_GUIDELINE_Tara_Rice_speech_Nov_2023___FPS_statisti_d230.htm"
substrate_document_path: "https://reglegbrief.com/substrate/INT/BIS-CPMI/CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024/_raw_manual_substrate/p_10_GUIDELINE_Tara_Rice_speech_Nov_2023___FPS_statisti_d230.htm"
substrate_section_anchor: "Tara Rice speech Nov 2023 — FPS statistics: 70+ systems globally, 14 already cross-border, 24 planning"
citation_issue_types: ["Contradictory"]
audiences: ["ai_labs"]
published_at: "2026-06-04T03:07:05.744752+00:00"
substrate_version: 1
methodology_version: "2.3"
license: "CC-BY-4.0"
resource: "https://reglegbrief.com/regulators/j1/int/bis-cpmi/CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024/ai-labs/finding/INT-BIS-CPMI-INT-001-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-v1-010--opus-47-websearch/"
tags: ["ai-hallucination", "inference_drift", "bis-cpmi", "cpmi-api-harmonisation-cross-border-2024", "int"]
timestamp: "2026-06-16T00:00:00+00:00"
---

# AI Hallucination Finding: A market briefing on the global fast payment system landscape needs CPMI data on how many domestic…

- **Citation ID.** `RLB-H-INT-BIS-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-Q010-Opus47`
- **Finding UID.** `INT-BIS-CPMI-INT-001-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-v1-010--opus-47-websearch`
- **Regulation.** [`CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024`](/okf/regulations/CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024.md) — Promoting the Harmonisation of Application Programming Interfaces to Enhance Cross-Border Payments: Recommendations and Toolkit
- **Regulator.** [`BIS-CPMI-INT-001`](/okf/bodies/BIS-CPMI-INT-001.md) — Bank for International Settlements — Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI)
- **AI subject.** Claude Opus 4.7 (web search on)
- **Failure mode.** [`inference_drift`](/okf/taxonomy/failure-modes.md)
- **Published.** 2026-06-04T03:07:05.744752+00:00

## Question put to the AI subject

A market briefing on the global fast payment system landscape needs CPMI data on how many domestic fast payment systems are currently operational globally, how many have already enabled cross-border payment exchanges, how many are planning cross-border linkages, and what proportion are operated by central banks versus private entities.

## AI subject's verbatim answer

the 2025 monitoring survey covers 57 fast payment systems (56 for one of the graph cuts), up from prior surveys; this is the most recent CPMI count

## Verbatim regulator text contradicting the answer

> Speech sp231115 (Nov 2023, Tara Rice): '70+ domestic fast payment systems currently operational globally'; '14 fast payment systems already enabling cross-border exchanges'; '24 systems planning linkages within five years'; '40% operated by central banks; 35% by private entities'

_Source:_ [p_10_GUIDELINE_Tara_Rice_speech_Nov_2023___FPS_statisti_d230.htm](https://reglegbrief.com/substrate/INT/BIS-CPMI/CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024/_raw_manual_substrate/p_10_GUIDELINE_Tara_Rice_speech_Nov_2023___FPS_statisti_d230.htm)
_Section anchor:_ Tara Rice speech Nov 2023 — FPS statistics: 70+ systems globally, 14 already cross-border, 24 planning

## Failure mode

**`inference_drift`** — Inference drift — the AI inferred a conclusion the regulator's text does not warrant, often by combining unrelated provisions.

## Citation-issue types

- **Contradictory** — <https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/brief13.htm>
- **Contradictory** — <https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/brief10.pdf>
- **Contradictory** — <https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/brief7.pdf>
- **Contradictory** — <https://www.bis.org/publ/bppdf/bispap167.pdf>

## Related concepts

- Regulation: [CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024](/okf/regulations/CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024.md)
- Regulator: [BIS-CPMI-INT-001](/okf/bodies/BIS-CPMI-INT-001.md)
- Failure-mode taxonomy: [inference_drift](/okf/taxonomy/failure-modes.md)
- Methodology: [v2.3](/okf/methodology.md)
- Editorial standards: [right of reply](/okf/editorial-standards.md)

## Reproduction

Citation ID: `RLB-H-INT-BIS-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-Q010-Opus47`

Resource URL (HTML view of this finding):

<https://reglegbrief.com/regulators/j1/int/bis-cpmi/CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024/ai-labs/finding/INT-BIS-CPMI-INT-001-CPMI-API-HARMONISATION-CROSS-BORDER-2024-v1-010--opus-47-websearch/>

This finding is reproducible against the substrate document linked above, using the same AI subject, the same methodology version, and the verbatim question text.