---
type: "AIHallucinationFinding"
title: "Does the Consumer Duty require firms to prevent all foreseeable harm, and what is the effect of a…"
citation_id: "RLB-H-GB-FCA-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-Q003-Opus47"
finding_uid: "GB-FCA-GB-001-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-v1-003--opus-47-websearch"
question_uid: "GB-FCA-GB-001-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-v1-003"
regulation_id: "GB-FCA-GB-001-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9"
regulation_slug: "CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9"
regulation_title: "Consumer Duty (PS22/9 + PRIN 2A), Financial Conduct Authority"
regulator_short_code: "FCA"
regulatory_body_id: "FCA-GB-001"
jurisdiction_code: "GB"
j_level: "J3"
ai_subject: "claude-opus-4-7"
ai_subject_display: "Claude Opus 4.7 (web search on)"
ai_subject_version: "opus-47-websearch"
response_failure_mode: "inference_drift"
substrate_document_name: "R2-REGULATION-PS22_9_full_policy_statement.pdf"
substrate_document_path: "https://reglegbrief.com/substrate/GB/FCA/CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9/_raw_manual_substrate/R2-REGULATION-PS22_9_full_policy_statement.pdf"
substrate_section_anchor: "PRIN 2A.2 — Foreseeable harm: limitation clause for understood/accepted risks"
citation_issue_types: ["Pretextual"]
audiences: ["ai_labs", "practitioners", "sector_dept"]
published_at: "2026-06-07T07:58:28.587992+00:00"
substrate_version: 1
methodology_version: "2.3"
license: "CC-BY-4.0"
resource: "https://reglegbrief.com/regulators/j3/gb/fca/CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9/ai-labs/finding/GB-FCA-GB-001-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-v1-003--opus-47-websearch/"
tags: ["ai-hallucination", "inference_drift", "fca", "consumer-duty-ps22-9", "gb"]
timestamp: "2026-06-16T00:00:00+00:00"
---

# AI Hallucination Finding: Does the Consumer Duty require firms to prevent all foreseeable harm, and what is the effect of a…

- **Citation ID.** `RLB-H-GB-FCA-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-Q003-Opus47`
- **Finding UID.** `GB-FCA-GB-001-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-v1-003--opus-47-websearch`
- **Regulation.** [`CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9`](/okf/regulations/CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9.md) — Consumer Duty (PS22/9 + PRIN 2A), Financial Conduct Authority
- **Regulator.** [`FCA-GB-001`](/okf/bodies/FCA-GB-001.md) — Financial Conduct Authority
- **AI subject.** Claude Opus 4.7 (web search on)
- **Failure mode.** [`inference_drift`](/okf/taxonomy/failure-modes.md)
- **Published.** 2026-06-07T07:58:28.587992+00:00

## Question put to the AI subject

Does the Consumer Duty require firms to prevent all foreseeable harm, and what is the effect of a retail customer knowingly accepting a risk?

## AI subject's verbatim answer

Where a retail customer understands the risk and the firm has acted in good faith, supported understanding, avoided foreseeable harm caused by its own conduct, and otherwise complied with the Duty, the customer accepting a risk does not breach the Duty.

## Verbatim regulator text contradicting the answer

> Where a firm reasonably believes a retail customer understands and accepts such risks, it will not breach the rule if it fails to prevent them.

_Source:_ [R2-REGULATION-PS22_9_full_policy_statement.pdf](https://reglegbrief.com/substrate/GB/FCA/CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9/_raw_manual_substrate/R2-REGULATION-PS22_9_full_policy_statement.pdf)
_Section anchor:_ PRIN 2A.2 — Foreseeable harm: limitation clause for understood/accepted risks

## Failure mode

**`inference_drift`** — Inference drift — the AI inferred a conclusion the regulator's text does not warrant, often by combining unrelated provisions.

## Citation-issue types

- **Pretextual** — <https://handbook.fca.org.uk/handbook/PRIN/2A/2.html>
- **Pretextual** — <https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/finalised-guidance/fg22-5.pdf>

## Related concepts

- Regulation: [CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9](/okf/regulations/CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9.md)
- Regulator: [FCA-GB-001](/okf/bodies/FCA-GB-001.md)
- Failure-mode taxonomy: [inference_drift](/okf/taxonomy/failure-modes.md)
- Methodology: [v2.3](/okf/methodology.md)
- Editorial standards: [right of reply](/okf/editorial-standards.md)

## Reproduction

Citation ID: `RLB-H-GB-FCA-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-Q003-Opus47`

Resource URL (HTML view of this finding):

<https://reglegbrief.com/regulators/j3/gb/fca/CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9/ai-labs/finding/GB-FCA-GB-001-CONSUMER-DUTY-PS22-9-v1-003--opus-47-websearch/>

This finding is reproducible against the substrate document linked above, using the same AI subject, the same methodology version, and the verbatim question text.